How the United Nations is Struggling to Stay Relevant in a Fragmented World
Introduction There is a phrase increasingly echoed in international affairs classrooms, diplomatic circles, and policy papers: “The United Nations is facing an identity crisis.” At first glance, this seems like an exaggeration. After all, the UN is still the world’s largest international organization, with 193 member states, dozens of specialized agencies, and a global presence that influences everything from refugee aid to climate policy. Its peacekeepers are stationed on multiple...
10 min read →Sudan on Fire: How the Nation Slipped Into Chaos and Why the World Must Pay Attention
A Nation on the Brink Imagine waking up to the sound of explosions, in a city where the horizon glows orange not from sunrise, but from fires consuming entire neighborhoods.This isn’t a movie scene. It’s Sudan — a country once full of hope after toppling a dictator, now trapped in one of the world’s worst humanitarian nightmares. In 2025, Sudan is no longer just a country at war. It’s a country unraveling — its cities shattered, its people starving, and its future hanging by a thread.The...
6 min read →How Banks Create Money Through Loans: The Hidden Engine of the Economy
Introduction When you deposit money into a bank, you might think the bank simply stores it safely in a vault until you withdraw it. But in reality, something much more interesting—and powerful—happens behind the scenes. Banks don’t just hold money—they create it. This process, known as money creation through lending, is one of the most important yet misunderstood mechanisms in modern economics. It forms the backbone of how credit flows, how economies grow, and how financial crises can unfold....
8 min read →Balancing Power: How India’s Strategic Autonomy Shapes Growth, Security, and Global Influence
I. Introduction Imagine a young policy analyst in New Delhi, poring over classified cables: the UN is voting on a contentious resolution condemning sanctions on a major power. India must choose—vote with the U.S., with Russia, abstain, or propose a neutral text. The choice seems technical, but to the world it signals alliances, direction, and identity. This moment encapsulates India’s perpetual tightrope walk: asserting strategic autonomy while navigating pressure from global powers. This...
9 min read →From Samurai to Silicon: How Japan Reinvented Itself Twice
Introduction: The Land of Endless Reinvention Few nations in history have shown the resilience, adaptability, and sheer determination that Japan has displayed. Twice in its history, Japan faced crises that could have shattered its existence—but instead, it emerged stronger and more influential than before. From the collapse of its feudal order in the 19th century to the devastation of World War II in the 20th, Japan reinvented itself with breathtaking speed. Today, its journey from samurai to...
4 min read →The Digital Divide: Can Bharat Keep Up With India?
Introduction – Two Nations in One India is often celebrated as a rising digital powerhouse, with world-class IT hubs, global unicorns, and one of the fastest-growing digital economies. But beneath this glittering surface lies another reality—millions of Indians, especially in rural and marginalized regions, remain cut off from this transformation. This contrast between “India” (urban, connected, globalized) and “Bharat” (rural, traditional, underserved) has become a metaphor for the nation’s...
6 min read →Africa’s New Role in Global Politics: Beyond Aid and Dependency
Introduction – The Changing Face of Africa in Global Politics For much of the late 20th century, Africa was perceived as a continent locked in cycles of poverty, conflict, and dependency on foreign aid. International headlines were dominated by images of famine in Ethiopia, wars in the Congo, and humanitarian crises that reinforced the stereotype of a continent needing rescue. Aid agencies and foreign governments portrayed Africa less as a partner and more as a problem to be solved. But this...
7 min read →The Fallout of 50% Tariffs: India–U.S. Tensions Escalate
1. Introduction: A Trade War in the Making? Trade has always been at the heart of U.S.–India relations. For decades, the two nations have engaged in negotiations, disputes, and occasional compromises over tariffs, market access, and investment rules. But the recent imposition of 50% tariffs has pushed tensions to a new level, sparking fears of a brewing trade war between the world’s two largest democracies. While Washington claims its tariffs are aimed at protecting domestic industries, New...
5 min read →Green Energy Colonialism: How the West Is Exploiting the Global South Again
1. Introduction: A Green Revolution with a Dark Underside In the 21st century, the global conversation around energy has shifted dramatically. The urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, combat climate change, and move away from fossil fuels has given rise to what many call the Green Revolution. Solar farms stretch across deserts, wind turbines spin across coastlines, and battery-powered cars are fast becoming the norm in developed nations. But beneath the glossy headlines and grand promises...
5 min read →Niger, Sahel, and the New Frontline of Global Terrorism
1. Introduction: A Region at the Crossroads The Sahel region — stretching from the Atlantic coast of Africa through Niger and into Sudan — is often portrayed in headlines as a dusty expanse plagued by poverty, famine, and conflict. But beneath that oversimplification lies one of the most strategically significant and increasingly dangerous regions in the world. In recent years, Niger, a landlocked country at the heart of the Sahel, has emerged as a critical flashpoint in the global fight...
5 min read →Trump’s Tariffs and Trade Wars: What Really Happened?
In 2018, former U.S. President Donald J. Trump launched a dramatic shift in American economic policy by waging a global trade war, the likes of which had not been seen in decades. The primary weapon of this economic battle? Tariffs. These tariffs, mainly directed at China but also targeting allies like the European Union, Canada, and Mexico, were intended to curb trade deficits, bring back manufacturing jobs to the U.S., and punish what Trump called "unfair trade practices." But did it work?...
5 min read →What Is a Nation?
When you hear the word "nation," what comes to mind? A flag fluttering in the wind? A map with neatly drawn borders? A stadium roaring with pride during a World Cup match? Or perhaps a group of people speaking the same language, sharing a culture, or pledging allegiance to a constitution? The concept of a nation seems straightforward—until you try to define it. It turns out that a nation is one of the most powerful yet ambiguous ideas in human history. It’s an idea that has inspired...
5 min read →Why Nations Go to War: A Deep Dive into Geopolitical Chess
From the thunder of horse-drawn chariots in ancient Mesopotamia to the digital battlegrounds of the 21st century, war has shaped civilizations, redrawn borders, and rewritten history. Yet despite millennia of progress, nations still go to war. Why? What drives countries—some with nuclear arsenals and global economies—to risk bloodshed, economic ruin, and instability? The answer is complex. War is not merely a failure of diplomacy or an outburst of aggression—it is often the result of...
5 min read →How the Cold War Redefined Borders and Alliances Worldwide
The Cold War wasn’t just a prolonged period of ideological hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union. It was a global reshaping of power, influence, and identity that impacted almost every continent. While the Cold War didn’t feature direct military confrontation between the two superpowers, its ripple effects were seismic—redrawing borders, forging new alliances, and turning regional conflicts into proxy battlegrounds. From the division of Germany to the alignment of nations...
6 min read →9/11 and the Global War on Terror: Two Decades of Consequences
On September 11, 2001, the world witnessed a horrifying spectacle: four hijacked planes crashed into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania, killing nearly 3,000 people and shaking the global order. The 9/11 attacks, carried out by Al-Qaeda, were not just a tragic loss of life—they triggered an era-defining global campaign: the War on Terror. Two decades later, the reverberations of that day are still felt—across foreign policy, civil liberties, technology, military...
6 min read →Geopolitics of Global Shipping: What Happens If the Suez or Panama Canal Closes?
Modern civilization runs on global trade, and global trade runs through narrow maritime corridors. The Suez Canal and Panama Canal are two of the most vital chokepoints in the shipping world. Together, they connect the economies of the West and East, dramatically reducing the time and cost of transporting goods and energy across continents. Yet, as geopolitics become increasingly turbulent and climate pressures grow, the risk of one—or both—of these arteries being blocked is no longer...
6 min read →Putin’s Foreign Policy Doctrine: Expansionism or Self-Defense?
Since taking power in 2000, Vladimir Putin has reshaped Russia's role on the world stage. His foreign policy has oscillated between cooperation with the West and confrontational assertiveness. From Georgia to Crimea to Ukraine, Putin's moves have sparked global debates. Is his strategy one of expansionism, seeking to rebuild the Soviet empire? Or is it rooted in self-defense, aimed at shielding Russia from NATO’s encroachment and Western influence? This blog delves into the doctrine behind...
5 min read →The Belt and Road Initiative: Economic Lifeline or Debt Trap Diplomacy?
In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping unveiled the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) — a massive global infrastructure development strategy aiming to revive the ancient Silk Road. With promises of economic prosperity, new trade routes, and enhanced global cooperation, the BRI has attracted over 140 countries. But beneath the surface of ports, highways, and railways lies a heated debate. Is the BRI a genuine effort to lift developing countries out of poverty, or is it a strategic move to entangle...
5 min read →India’s Strategic Dilemma: Non-Aligned in a Divided World?
Since its independence in 1947, India has pursued a foreign policy rooted in non-alignment, a strategy that emerged during the Cold War to avoid entanglement in the U.S.-Soviet rivalry. As one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), India championed sovereignty, peace, and autonomy. But the 21st century presents new complexities. The world is no longer bipolar—it is multipolar and increasingly fragmented. U.S.-China tensions, the rise of Russia, and challenges like climate...
5 min read →Tech and Politics: How Social Media Influences Elections Worldwide
In the 21st century, elections are no longer fought just in parliament or the streets—they’re also fought online. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter (X), YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram have become powerful tools that shape public opinion, influence political discourse, and mobilize voters. With billions of users around the world, social media has fundamentally changed how democracies function. From Barack Obama’s 2008 digital campaign to the Cambridge Analytica scandal and real-time...
5 min read →What Caused World War I?
World War I, often called the Great War, stands as one of the deadliest and most transformative conflicts in human history. Spanning from 1914 to 1918, the war involved more than 30 countries and resulted in over 16 million deaths and 21 million wounded. While it began in Europe, its consequences rippled across the globe, redrawing borders, toppling empires, and laying the groundwork for the even deadlier World War II. But what exactly caused this catastrophic event? The question “What caused...
5 min read →The Taiwan Issue: Risk of War in the South China Sea?
The South China Sea is no stranger to geopolitical flashpoints. But in recent years, the Taiwan issue has emerged as the most volatile and potentially explosive of them all. As China intensifies its military pressure on Taiwan and the United States strengthens its support for the island, the risk of armed conflict is no longer hypothetical—it’s a rising concern for the global community. What’s at stake is not just the future of Taiwan but the stability of the entire Indo-Pacific region and...
5 min read →The Power of Sanctions: Economic Weapons in Global Politics
In a world increasingly shaped by diplomacy and trade rather than open warfare, economic sanctions have emerged as one of the most powerful tools in international relations. From the U.S. sanctions on Iran to the West’s economic restrictions on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine, sanctions now serve as modern weapons of mass disruption. But what are sanctions? How do they work, and why are they so effective—or controversial? This blog explores the mechanics, history, impact, and growing...
4 min read →What is BlackRock?
The Shadow Giant of Global Finance When you think about influential companies that shape the world, names like Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google might immediately come to mind. But behind the scenes of the tech and retail empires lies a quieter, more discreet giant — BlackRock. BlackRock Inc. is not just another Wall Street firm; it is the world’s largest asset manager, overseeing more than $10 trillion in assets. To put that in perspective, it's more money than the GDP of countries like...
5 min read →History of Colonialism: How Europe Divided the World
From the arrival of Spanish ships in the Americas to the sun never setting on the British Empire, colonialism reshaped the world as we know it. What began as a quest for spices, gold, and glory turned into one of the most transformative—and often traumatic—chapters in human history. This blog explores how European powers divided, dominated, and exploited much of the globe for centuries, and how those decisions still influence international relations, economic inequality, and cultural dynamics...
5 min read →The Vietnam War: A Proxy War That Shaped Modern Politics
The Vietnam War was more than just a regional conflict between North and South Vietnam. It became a pivotal episode in the Cold War—a brutal and controversial proxy war between the United States and the Soviet Union. Spanning two decades from the 1950s to 1975, it left a profound mark on international politics, military strategy, and public opinion. This blog explores the historical background of the Vietnam War, its global implications, and the way it reshaped modern politics. Historical...
5 min read →From Gold to Fiat: Why the Gold Standard Ended and What Replaced It
Once upon a time, your country’s money could be exchanged for gold. That promise gave confidence and value to paper currency. But over time, that golden guarantee vanished. Today, money isn’t backed by gold or silver but by trust and government regulation. This transformation, from gold-backed currency to fiat money, reshaped the global economy. This blog explores the rise and fall of the gold standard, why countries abandoned it, what replaced it, and how this transition continues to affect...
5 min read →The Oil Crisis of the 1970s: When the World Ran Short of Fuel
Imagine lining up for hours just to fill your gas tank, or watching inflation spiral out of control because the price of oil skyrocketed overnight. That was the reality in many parts of the world during the 1970s, when a global energy crisis shook the foundations of modern economies. The Oil Crisis of the 1970s wasn't just about fuel—it was about power, politics, and the limits of industrial growth. Background: A World Addicted to Oil By the early 1970s, oil had become the lifeblood of...
4 min read →Why Do Countries Go Into Debt? Understanding National Deficits
National debt is a term that regularly surfaces in economic discussions, political debates, and international headlines. But what exactly causes a country to go into debt? And is debt always a bad thing? This blog breaks down the concept of national debt and explains why governments borrow money, how deficits work, and what it means for the economy. What Is National Debt? National debt refers to the total amount of money that a country's government owes to creditors. It is the accumulation of...
4 min read →What is Federalism?
Federalism is a system of government that balances power between a central authority and constituent political units—like states, provinces, or regions. Instead of concentrating all powers at the national level, federalism distributes them across various layers, allowing local governments to address regional issues more effectively while still remaining part of a unified nation. But federalism isn’t a one-size-fits-all model. Countries implement it differently depending on their history,...
3 min read →Global Supply Chains: Why a Chip Shortage Can Affect Your Everyday Life
In the 21st century, global supply chains are the invisible engines that keep modern life running smoothly. But what happens when a single cog in this vast machine breaks down? The recent global chip shortage exposed just how interconnected—and fragile—our world has become. From delayed car deliveries to the rising prices of electronics, the effects are felt by everyone, everywhere. What Are Semiconductors, and Why Do They Matter? Semiconductors, or "chips", are tiny pieces of silicon that...
4 min read →Decolonization After World War II: The Rise of New Nations
The conclusion of World War II in 1945 marked a decisive moment in world history—not only did it bring an end to one of the deadliest conflicts in human history, but it also set in motion the decline of European colonial empires that had ruled large parts of Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for centuries. The post-war era witnessed a sweeping wave of decolonization, which radically altered global politics and paved the way for the rise of dozens of newly independent nations. This...
5 min read →The Geopolitics of Water: The Coming Resource Wars
In the 21st century, the world’s most precious resource isn’t oil or gold—it’s water. As climate change, population growth, and industrial demand escalate, freshwater scarcity has emerged as a pressing global challenge. The geopolitics of water—how access, control, and distribution of water affect international relations—is increasingly becoming a focal point for security analysts, policymakers, and environmentalists alike. . Why Water is the New Oil Unlike fossil fuels, there is no...
5 min read →Will the BRICS Currency Challenge the US Dollar’s Dominance?
Introduction The global financial system has long been dominated by the US dollar, which serves as the world’s primary reserve currency. However, in recent years, the BRICS alliance—comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—has been pushing for greater economic independence and exploring alternatives to dollar dependency. One of the most ambitious proposals is the creation of a common BRICS currency, which could potentially reshape global trade and finance. But can a BRICS...
4 min read →The Arctic Gold Rush: Who Really Owns the North Pole?
Introduction: The Scramble for the Arctic For centuries, the Arctic was a frozen, inhospitable frontier—more a subject of explorers’ dreams than a geopolitical battleground. But today, as climate change rapidly melts the polar ice, the region has become the center of a modern-day gold rush. Beneath the ice lie vast reserves of oil, natural gas, rare minerals, and newly accessible shipping routes that could reshape global trade. The question is: Who owns the North Pole? The answer is far from...
3 min read →India’s G20 Presidency Aftermath – Key Outcomes and Follow-ups
Introduction India's G20 Presidency in 2023 was a watershed moment in global diplomacy. Under the theme "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam" (The World is One Family), India championed inclusive growth, sustainable development, and digital innovation. The presidency not only solidified India's position as a key global player but also set the stage for long-term policy shifts in climate action, economic stability, and technological governance. As the world moves forward, it's crucial to assess the tangible...
4 min read →Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Introduction According to Asian Development Bank (ADB) ’s working paper, the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) region faces severe food safety challenges due to fractured safety control systems. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) launched the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) programme in 2001 to encourage regional economic integration and collaboration in Central Asia. Through enhancing regional connectivity, commerce, and investment, and by addressing shared...
2 min read →International Court of Justice
Introduction As Thucydides exemplifies in the Melian Dialogue, there is no worldwide regulatory authority that regulates state power and mediates state-related issues. In response, the international community built numerous mechanisms to conduct collective action in global governance via international law. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the embodiment of this effort to promote peaceful ties between nations. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the United Nations' principal...
4 min read →Nuclear Supplier Group
Introduction The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a group of nuclear supplier countries that seeks to contribute to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons through the implementation of two sets of Guidelines for nuclear exports and nuclear-related exports, Established in 1975. The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a group of 48 states that have voluntarily agreed to coordinate their export controls to non-nuclear-weapon states. The NSG regulates the export of civilian nuclear material,...
3 min read →International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Introduction The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a United Nations agency headquartered in Washington DC, and a global financial organisation that brings together 190 nations. It was established in 1944 and officially began on December 27, 1945, at the Bretton Woods Conference. It was founded with 29 members and the goal of reconstructing the global monetary system on the theories of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes. Nations contribute money to a pool from which nations with...
4 min read →Special Drawing Rights
Introduction The SDR is an international reserve asset that was formed by the IMF in 1969 to augment the official reserves of its member nations. However, the worldwide supply of the U.S. dollar and gold, the two primary reserve assets, was insufficient to sustain the expansion of global commerce and the associated financial activities. This spurred member nations to establish an international reserve asset under IMF supervision. In response to concerns about the constraints of gold and...
2 min read →Women in Media: South Asia
Introduction The Ministery of Women and Child Development has released a report on the Status of Women in Media in South Asia. The Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) prepared the report, which was sponsored by UNESCO. Inequalities based on caste, class, religion, ethnicity, and location are exacerbated throughout the South Asian region by severe gender-based discrimination that stifles progress and development for both girls and boys. Existing evidence indicates that, despite...
3 min read →Organisation for Islamic Cooperation
Introduction The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is the world's second-largest inter-governmental organisation after the United Nations, with 57 member states from four continents. The OIC is the Muslim world's united voice, ensuring and safeguarding their interests in economic, social, and political arenas. The OIC has Institutions that carry out its programmes. Its headquarters are in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The First Islamic Summit Conference, held in Morocco in September 1969,...
3 min read →Cold Start Doctrine
Introduction The Indian Armed Forces' 'Cold Start' doctrine envisions rapid deployment of soldiers on the western border within days if a full-fledged war scenario emerges. This concept intends to enable Indian troops to execute persistent strikes while preventing Pakistan from retaliating with nuclear weapons. A cohesive fighting force comprised of several components of India's military would carry out the mission. The 'Cold Start' philosophy started to find a place in the Indian military...
3 min read →What is Sustainable Development?
Introduction The concept of sustainable development was emphasised by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), which defined it as: ‘Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs. The definition's usage of the term 'needs' refers to resource distribution. The seminal report—Our Common Future — that gave the above definition explained sustainable development as ‘meeting...
7 min read →QUAD - Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
Introduction The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD), sometimes known as the Quad, is an informal strategic conference comprised of four countries: the United States of America (USA), India, Australia, and Japan. One of the Quad's key goals is to promote a free, open, prosperous, and inclusive Indo-Pacific area. The group met for the first time in 2007 on the sidelines of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It is seen as an alliance of marine democracies, with all member...
3 min read →Indo-Pacific Region
Introduction The rise of the Indo-Pacific as a new geographic space—uniting the Indian and Pacific Oceans—represents the twenty-first century's new geopolitical reality. Throughout history, the maritime domain has been a critical location for the establishment of new and emerging powers that have shaped regional dynamics and the broader security architecture. Today's great power rivalry is no different. As India and Australia have acknowledged, "many of the future issues are expected to...
2 min read →Indian Ocean Rim Association
Introduction In recent years, the Indian Ocean has attracted a lot of attention. It has now become the epicentre of global political squabbles, and its proximity to major countries and continents further adds to its significance. The Indian Ocean, as the world's third-largest ocean tied connected by trade routes, commands control of major sea lanes transporting half of the world's container ships, one-third of the world's bulk cargo traffic, and two-thirds of the world's oil exports. Nearly...
3 min read →Human Rights and Environment
Introduction Human rights are rights that all humans possess, regardless of race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or another status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of speech and expression, the right to work and education, and many more. Everyone, without exception, is entitled to these rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a watershed moment in human rights history. The Declaration was...
3 min read →Terrorism
The issue in defining "terrorism" is in agreeing on a basis for judging whether the use of violence (directed at whom, by whom, and for what purposes) is justified; thus, the modern definition of terrorism is intrinsically contentious. The use of violence to attain political goals is prevalent among both state and non-state groups. The majority of definitions in use have been written by agencies directly associated with the government and are systematically biased to exclude governments from...
4 min read →Geopolitics
Introduction “Foreign Policy is a systematic statement of deliberately selected national interests. "~ Hartmann States now have to work with non-state entities more than ever before because of the increasing depth of globalisation and transnational activity. In order to optimise the benefits of international multilateral collaboration, the previously mentioned interaction is reviewed and monitored. Foreign policies are created by the government through high-level decision-making processes...
4 min read →The World Bank
Since 1944, the World Bank has grown from a single entity to a tightly knit network of five development institutions. Their mission has evolved from that of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) as post-war reconstruction and development facilitator to that of global poverty alleviation in close collaboration with the International Development Association and other World Bank Group members. According to the World Bank report, India's GDP growth can be seen at 8.3%...
3 min read →Organisation For Economic Cooperation And Development
Background It is a 34-nation international economic organisation that was founded in 1961 to promote economic development and global trade. It is a platform for democratic and market-oriented countries to share policy experiences, find solutions to common problems, identify best practices, and coordinate domestic and international policies. Headquarter: The headquarters of the company are in Paris, France. Functions And Responsibilities The OECD publishes and updates a model tax convention...
2 min read →World Trade Organisation
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global organisation in charge of enforcing international trade rules. The WTO agreements are at its heart which has been negotiated and signed by the majority of the world's trading nations and ratified by their legislatures. The goal is to help manufacturers of goods and services and exporters and importers run their businesses more efficiently. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala has been named Director-General of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the first...
3 min read →ASEAN: The Association of South-East Asian Nation
The Association of South-East Asian Nations, or ASEAN, is a political and economic organisation that was established on August 8, 1967, in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration). When individualism and closed economies were the norms in Asia in the mid-1960s, the South-East Asian countries were among the first to recognise the benefits of cooperation and were instrumental in the formation of ASEAN. South-East Asia has reaped the rewards of its...
3 min read →Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a forum for the economies of the 21 countries that comprise the Pacific Rim. Its primary objective is to promote free trade and economic cooperation throughout the Asia-Pacific region. It was founded in 1989 as a response to growing interdependence in the Asia-Pacific region and the formation of newer regional trade blocs. The body constituted 12 founding members till 1989, later the membership increased to 21 member states in 1998. Objectives...
3 min read →World Intellectual Property Organisation
The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the United Nations' sixteen specialised agencies. WIPO currently has 191 member states and is responsible for the promotion of intellectual property rights protection throughout the world. Its primary activities include the progressive development of nuance in the field of intellectual property, the administration of certain treaties for global intellectual property protection, and intellectual property development cooperation. What are...
3 min read →Indian Ocean Commission - IOC
The Indian Ocean Commission is an international organisation that brings together African countries in the Indian Ocean. Headquarter: Port Louis, Mauritius. Membership: Comoro Islands, Reunion Islands (France), Madagascar, Mauritius and the Seychelles. India joined as an observer in 2020. Establishment The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) was established in July 1982 after an agreement between the leaders of Madagascar, Mauritius, and Seychelles. In January 1984, a general agreement called...
2 min read →Asian Development Bank
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank located in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines. It began operations on December 19, 1966. Additionally, the firm maintains 31 field offices globally to advance Asia's social and economic growth. It is a multilateral development bank with 68 members: 49 from Asia and 19 from elsewhere. The bank was proposed by the Japanese administration and economists on several occasions but it was shelved multiple times before finally being...
2 min read →Amensty International
What is Amnesty International? Amnesty International (Al) is a human rights advocacy group with around 7 million members all over the world. The members are united in their desire to see a society where everyone has access to basic human rights, regardless of background or religious affiliation. It was founded in 1961 by the lawyer Peter Benenson and is headquartered in the United Kingdom. It is registered as a not for profit organisation and raises awareness about human rights violations and...
2 min read →G-20 : World's Major Economies
What is G-20? The G-20 is a global conference of the world's largest economies. Its members account for almost 80% of global GDP, 75% of global trade, and 60% of the global population. Origins and Evolution of the G-20 The G-20 was founded in September 1999 in the aftermath of the East Asian Crisis of 1997. It was formed as a group of Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors from the 19 major nations and the EU. Better Representation of Emerging Economies: Despite their growing influence...
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